2019/10/31 612CIWrd - Current Stateof Emissions Inner West Cl draft Climate+Renewables Strategy Aug 2019

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Project Minutes | Blockchain SIG | Blockchain TED Videos | IBM Blockchain for Diamond Ind | RUBAC Video | RUBAC Projects | Disclaimer | Copyright Home | A: Exec Sum | B: Our Inner West | C: Our Approach | D: Current Emissions | E: Key Areas Focus | Ea: Community Emis | Eb: Council Emis | F: Implementation INNER WEST COUNCIL DRAFT "CLIMATE+RENEWABLES STRATEGY [CaRS]" Responding to the Climate Emergency - Climate Change Mitigation - August 2019 D THE CURRENT STATE OF EMISSIONS IN THE INNER WEST D1 Inner West Council emissions D2 Reducing consumption: Collaborative consumption and the share economy D3 Waste in the Inner West D4 Community emissions reduction pathways D5 Current renewable energy uptake in the Inner West D1 Inner West Council emissions Council's activities generate approximately 22 kilotonnes (kt) of CO2-e each year. The vast majority relates to the consumption of fuel, gas and electricity, which together accounts for over 93% of emissions. This is equivalent to the electricity use of around 5,000 Inner West households each year, or 2% of Inner West community's emissions. The current state of emissions in the Inner West Figure 4: Inner West Council operational carbon inventory - emissions by source (fuel breakdown by type). A 38% Electricity - assets B 35% Electricity - streetlights C 10% Natural gas D 11% Fuel - diesel & petrol E 4% Food & catering F 1% Waste G 1% Other D 11% Fuel - diesel & petrol D1 53% Diesel D2 38% Petrol D3 2% Ethanol D4 7% Biodiesel 22kt CO2-e pa Streetlights were responsible for 35% of Inner West Council's operational carbon emissions in 2017-18 Inner West Community emissions In the baseline year 2016-17, greenhouse gas emissions from the Inner West community's use of electricity, gas, waste and transport were calculated to be 1134 kilotonnes (kt) CO2-e (Figure 5 and 6). Electricity and transportation account for more than 85% of emissions. Figure 5: Emissions in the Inner West by resource type Electricity 67% Transport 20% Gas 8% Waste 5% Figure 6: Emissions in the Inner West by sector (L), and resource type (R) Units: '000 (Thousand) tonnes CO2-e per year Total Emissions Residential Emissions by Source Non-residential Emissions by Source 1,134 678 678 Wastewater 2% Electricity 51% 91% (res & non-res) Transport 31% 2% Residential 60$ Gas 9% 7% Non-Residential 38% Waste 9% 0% Unsustainable consumption - a significant source of greenhouse gas emissions Inner West Council recognises that the community not only influences local emissions, it influences global greenhouse gas emissions through the supply chains of goods and services they purchase. (Figure 7) Developed cities such as Sydney, Paris, London and New York no longer have large industrial sectors, so can appear to be lowering their emissions as their manufacturing sector emissions are produced outside the city, especially overseas in developing countries. However, if the emissions of goods and services are included in emissions calculations, those cities emissions are far higher (around 60%), and among the highest in the world on a per person basis ^[2] ^[2] C40, UNSW, University of Leeds (2018) "Consumption based GHG Emissions of C40 Cities". Meanwhile, "producer" cities such as in India, Pakistan, or Bangladesh are credited with generating lots of carbon emissions in the manufacture of these products. Sydney University assessed carbon emissions resulting from Inner West residential household consumption It found consumption emissions are 76% of an Inner West household's carbon emissions.^[3] ^[3] Household Consumption Emissions in the Inner West Local Government Area (2018) Uni of Sydney. Figure 7: Residential consumption-based carbon emissions in the Inner West. Units: '000 (Thousand) tonnes CO2-e per year 41 tonnes per household per year - all emissions 6 tonnes per household per year -transport, waste and energy D2 Reducing consumption: Collaborative consumption and the share economy Adopting collaborative consumption and embracing the share economy is one way the community is beginning to address unsustainable consumption. Its popularity is growing due to a number of factors including: a Increasing cost of living b Environmental concerns about climate change and waste c Desire to connect with people locally d New and established online communities and market places A great example is the success of clothes swaps in the Inner West. The environmental impacts of clothes buying start from the production of raw materials, and continue throughout the manufacture, transport and sale of the clothes. The increasing popularity of "fast fashion" and "decluttering" is also contributing to increasing volumes of clothes being dumped with charities or ending up in landfill. Clothing swaps are immensely popular in the Inner West as a way to socialise, save money and help the environment. Participants bring along an item of clothing that they no longer need and swap it for one they want. D3 Waste in the Inner West Emissions from waste collected by Inner West Council make up 5% of emissions from the Inner West community and 9% of emissions from the residential sector. Emissions largely come from materials being sent to landfill where, in anaerobic conditions, they create the potent greenhouse gas, methane. Emissions also come from the collection and transportation of waste and recycling materials. Figure 8 shows that in the Inner West, 37% of the average red bin is food waste, and that many items that make their way into the red-lidded bin could be recovered or recycled by current services or practices such as composting. The average person in the Inner West generates 344kg of waste each year Figure 8 What's in the red bin? Thus as only 20.5% is actual garbage 79.5% can be recovered* 20.5 % Garbage 37 % Food 27 % Other organics (tissues, clothing, textiles, pet waste, dirt & dust) 10 % Recycling 2.5 % Garden Organics 2 % Hazardous chemicals and waste 1 % Metals * THERE IS THE POTENTIAL TO REVOVER THIS RIGHT NOW WITH CHANGES TO BEHAVIOUR AND THE WAY WE MANAGE MATERIALS D4 Community emissions reduction pathways As part of the research into community emissions, opportunities for reduction were calculated in order to understand the degree to which certain interventions could achieve a zero emissions future. Two pathways were modelled for reducing emissions, each capturing a different level of change in the emissions intensity of the electricity grid. The two pathways will act as a guide to understanding the relative importance of interventions and actions. Many factors, beyond the control of Inner West Council, will affect actual carbon reduction between now and 2036; including state and federal policies and the extent of change in the community. Pathway #1 - 2020 Renewable Energy Target achieved The first pathway reflects the carbon intensity of the electricity grid when the 2020 Renewable Energy Target is achieved. The first column is total sector-based community emissions in 2016/17. The 2036 reference scenario is the projected growth in emissions under current policy settings or business as usual. Under this pathway (Figure 9), the best near-term opportunities are in solar, waste and resource recovery, transport and meeting the renewable energy target in 2020. This pathway achieves a 42% reduction on 2036 business as usual emissions and a 31% reduction on the 2016-17 year baseline. (Figure 9: Pathway #1 to zero emissions community - when Renewable Energy Target is achieved. Units: '000 (Thousand) tonnes CO2-e per year Pathway #2 - A Greener Grid The second greener grid pathway assumes an electricity grid powered by more renewables, informed by the Australian Energy Market Operator's (AEMO) predicted energy generation mix that reflects coal power stations being decommissioned and replaced with large-scale renewable energy [4] ^[4] AEMO (2018) Integrated Systems Plan. It demonstrates (Figure 10) that as the grid becomes greener, waste management, transport-related reduction opportunities and electrification begin to have an even greater impact. This pathway nearly achieves an 80% reduction in emissions on 2036 business as usual, and 75% relative to the 2016/17 baseline. Figure 10: Pathway #2 to zero emissions community- a greener grid. Units: '000 (Thousand) tonnes CO2-e per year Zero emissions by 2036 Under the best pathway - the greener grid - additional emissions reductions of 280 thousand tonnes of CO2-e would still need to be made to achieve zero emissions in 2036. Future technologies and an even greener grid driven by federal energy emissions policies and targets are required. The NSW Government could assist this effort through fostering renewable energy, developing a low- emissions public transport system and encouraging a mode shift from private vehicle use to lower-emission alternatives. Inner West Council may explore strategies for carbon draw down or offsetting in later reviews of the closer to 2036, based on any deficit to zero emissions and the options available at that time. This Strategy has not costed such options. It is also noted that global Paris Agreement commitments are net-zero emissions by 2050. Figure 11 shows the composition of the deficit. 280 kt CO2e Deficit to Net-Zero Emissions by Source Waste 6% Private vehicle use 22% Public transport 28% Electricity 43% D5 Current renewable energy uptake in the Inner West The installed solar PV capacity in the Inner West has grown significantly over the last ten years from 85kW in 2007/08 to around 13,100 kW in 2017/18. (Figure 12) Solar PV uptake in the Inner West is lower (4% of dwellings) than in the outer parts of Sydney (18%). A lower rate of uptake is common in inner city areas across Australia. Many people haven't installed solar because: 1 They rent their property (40%). 2 They live in an apartment (44% of dwellings). 3 The upfront cost is too high. 4 They have minimal energy consumption during daylight hours. 5 They need trusted independent advice to make a decision. This strategy outlines the actions council will take to make it easier for people to go renewable. Figure 12: Installed solar PV capacity - FY07 to FY18.[5] ^[5] Data from Australian Photovoltaic Institute -Total installed PV capacity 14k X 12k X 10k X 8k X 6k X 4k X X 2k X X KW 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 Thousands of people have already gone solar in the Inner West. The next challenge is to enable a fast and fair transition by helping people "locked out" of renewables E Key Emails E2 Sat 20 Apr 2019 Biogas Digester option for Refugee Sanitation Project R References R4 2014-11-07 IBM "Blockchain" solution for the Diamond Industry Video R3 1997 Lessons from a Dozen Years of Group Support Systems Research - 4,000 IBM projects R2 Sir Evelyn de Rothschild - Director De Beers 1977-1994 & IBM UK 1972-1995 R1 1987-04-23 RUBAC Automatic eProcess Synchronisation Video

Home | Aboriginal Statement | A: Introduction | B: Inner West's Strategic Business Advantages | C: Inner West Economic Profile | D: Priorities | E: Conclusion 
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