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Home | Research | DED |CVD |ECD | EMD | HPD | LCD | LSD | TUD | Disclaimer | Copyright JUNE 2010 - REPORT HIGHLIGHTS - Time Use Domain [TUD] - Highlights ANN-SYLVIA BROOKER, Ph.D. Research Consultant ILENE HYMAN, Ph.D. Assistant Professor, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Research Associate, Cities Centre, University of Toronto Bh TIME USE DOMAIN [TUD] - 10 WELLBEING INDICATORS 1 Adults working Non-Standard Hours 2 Adults working Long Hours 3 Adults reporting High Levels Time Pressure 4 Adults providing unpaid care to Seniors 5 Retired Seniors engaged in Active Leisure 6 Retired Seniors Volunteering 7 Adolescents exceeding Recommended Screen Time 8 Children/Adolescents participating in organised activities 9 Parent-Preschooler Reading Activities 10 Adolescents eating meals with Parents at Home C HIGHLIGHTS (10) - Time Use Domain [TUD] a Fewer of us are Working Long Hours b More of us are Working Non-Standard Hours c More People are Suffering from a ‘Time Crunch’ d More Adults – Especially Women – are Providing Care to Seniors e No Increase in Children/Adolescents Engaged in Organized, Extracurricular Activities f Our Children are Spending More Time on TV and Video Games g No Significant Increase in Parents Reading to Pre-School Children h There has been a Sharp Drop in Teens eating at Home with Parents i The Numbers of Seniors Engaged in Active Leisure was Stable j Substantially More Seniors are Volunteering The following are the key highlights of the report: a Fewer of us are Working Long Hours 1 The proportion of Canadians working more than 50 hours a week declined from a high of 14.9% in 1996 to 11.0% in 2009. 2 Males (15.8%) were almost three times as likely as females (5.7%) to work long hours in 2009. Proportion of employed, 20 - 64 year olds working >50 hrs/wk Source: Labour force Survey, Statistics Canada, custom tabulation G0210_26_Tab1. b More of us are Working Non-Standard Hours 1 The proportion of Canadians aged 20-64 years who worked non-standard hours rose considerably from 22.8% in 1992 to 28.7% in 1999 and plateaued at 25.2% by 2008. 2 Working non-standard hours (weekends, evenings, nights, rotating shifts) has negative consequences for individual and family wellbeing. These include less contact with spouse/partner and children, worse health outcomes, higher levels of stress, depression and lower life satisfaction. 3 The most common types of non-standard schedules were rotating shifts and an irregular schedule. These schedules are the most difficult for workers because the body must adjust to changes in sleep patterns and childcare may be hard to find. Proportion of full-time workers (20-64 years) working non-standard hours Source: General social survey, Statistics Canada, 1992, 1994, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, public use files. General social survey on Social engagement, 2009, public use microdata files. c More People are Suffering from a ‘Time Crunch’ 1 The proportion of males and females experiencing high levels of ‘time crunch’ grew from 16.4% in 1992 to 19.6% in 2005. 2 The most time-crunched group was single individuals with young children. The least was singles 65 and over. 3 A higher proportion of females (22.7%) than males (16.6%) reported time pressure in 2005. Source: General social survey on Time Use, Statistics Canada, 1992, 1998, 2005, public use microdata files. d More Adults – Especially Women – are Providing Care to Seniors 1 The proportion of working-age adults providing care to seniors grew from 17.4% in 1996 to 19.5% in 2006. 2 A higher proportion of females (22.5%) than males (16.3%) provided care to seniors and for more hours per week in 2006. 3 About one in four (27.8%) employed Canadians had responsibilities for the care of an elderly dependent and one in five (16.8%) had responsibility for both childcare and eldercare in 2009. A significant portion (25%) of caregiving to seniors was provided by fellow seniors. Proportion of adults, 20 - 64 years, providing unpaid care to seniors Source: Canadian Population Census, Statistics Canada, 1996, 2001, 2006, public use microdata files. e No Increase in Children/Adolescents Engaged in Organized, Extracurricular Activities 1 The proportion of children and adolescents who participated at least weekly in an organized extracurricular activity was relatively stable from 1996-2007, with about 83% of 6-9-year-olds and 75% of 14-15-year-olds taking part in such activities. Gender differences were not significant. 2 The fact that 17-25% of Canadian children and adolescents were not participating regularly in any organized sport or lesson is of considerable concern. Research shows that low income, living in a poor neighbourhood, low parental education, large family size, recent immigration, racialized status, and Aboriginal status are significant determinants of participation. Low household income is one of the strongest determinants of lack of participation. The proportion of children and adolescents (6-15 yrs old) who participate at least weekly in an organized, extracurricular activity, by gender, 1996/1997 – 2007/2008 6-9 year olds 10-13 year olds 14-15 year olds Source: National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth, Statistics Canada, 1996-1997, 1998-1999, 2000-2001, 2002-2003, 2004- 2006, 2006-2007, custom tabulation. f Our Children are Spending More Time on TV and Video Games 1 The proportion of adolescents who exceeded the maximum recommended 2 hours a day on TV and video games rose from 27.2% in 2003 to 31.7% in 2007/2008 2 When all screen time (TV, computer use, video games), was included, those who exceeded 2 hours a day jumped from 54.5% to 63.7%, with about 70% of boys and 57% of girls exceeding the 2-hour threshold. Proportion of 12-17 year olds with 2 or mor hours/day on TV & video games Source: Canadian Community Health Survey, Statistics Canada, 2003, custom tabulation. g No Significant Increase in Parents Reading to Pre-School Children 1 The proportion of parents who reported reading daily to their pre-school children remains stable at between 60% -66% (1994-2007). Proportion of children (aged 3-5 years) read to daily by a parent Source: National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY), Statistics Canada, custom tabulation, for cycles 1- 7. h There has been a Sharp Drop in Teens eating at Home with Parents 1 On a typical day in 1992, 63.7% of teenagers aged 15-17 had a meal with their parents. This proportion dropped to 50.5% in 1998 and 34.8% in 2005. 2 Most teens did in fact eat at home, but an increasing proportion of them were not eating at the same time as their parents or other adult family members. The likely causes were more parents working non-standard hours, longer commutes, extra-curricular activities interfering with family meal time and parents being too tired at the end of their work day to manage a family meal. Proportion of teenagers, aged 15-17 years old eating at home with their parents in a typical 24 hour day Source: Statistics Canada, General Social Survey on Time Use, Statistics Canada, 1992, 1998, 2005, public use files. Data are based on 24 hour diary data, but data were sampled from both weekend and week days. i The Numbers of Seniors Engaged in Active Leisure was Stable 1 The proportion of retired seniors engaged in active leisure and their average number of hours remained roughly steady from 1992 to 2005 in the 86%-90% range. Only minor differences were reported by gender. 2 The percentage performing cognitive activities like reading and crosswords decreased slightly, as did the percentage involved in social leisure activities, but this was partially offset by an increase in those involved in physical leisure. Proportion of retired seniors engaged in active leisure by type 1992 1998 2005 Source: General social survey on Time Use, Statistics Canada, 1992, 1998, 2005, public use microdata files. j Substantially More Seniors are Volunteering 1 The percentage of retired seniors participating in formal volunteering activities jumped from 20.5% in 1992 to 30.5% in 2005. Only minor differences were reported by gender. Proportion of retired seniors volunteering Source: Statistics Canada, Canada Survey of Giving, Volunteering and Participating, 2004 and 2007. A Summary (12) - Time Use Domain [TUD] B Trends (8) - Time Use Domain [TUD] C Highlights (10) - Time Use Domain [TUD] - THIS WEB-PAGE D Conclusions (19) - Time Use Domain [TUD] R THE CANADIAN INDEX OF WELLBEING NETWORK a Based in the Faculty of Applied Health Sciences at the University of Waterloo, the Canadian Index of Wellbeing Network is an independent, non-partisan group of national and international leaders, researchers, organizations, and grassroots Canadians. b Its mission is to report on wellbeing at the national level and promote a dialogue on how to improve it through evidence-based policies that are responsive to the needs and values of Canadians. c The Network’s signature product is the Canadian Index of Wellbeing (CIW). d The CIW measures Canada’s wellbeing and tracks progress in eight interconnected categories. e It allows us, as Canadians, to see if we are better off or worse off than we used to be - and why. f It helps identify what we need to change to achieve a better outcome and to leave the world a better place for the generations that follow. The Honourable Roy J. Romanow, Chair The Honourable Monique Bégin, Deputy Chair University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3G1 519-888-4567, ext. 31235 | ciwinfo@uwaterloo.ca | http://www.ciw.ca Home | Research | DED |CVD |ECD | EMD | HPD | LCD | LSD | TUD | Disclaimer | Copyright
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