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Home | Review Minutes | A: Our Inner West 2036 | B: Community Strategic Plan | C: Vision Statement | D: 5 Strategic Directions | E: Key Community Challenges 

Thu 18 Mar 2021							Recipient: 611ARM13
REF: AECMCIn1		IN THE PUBLIC INTEREST			Y/R: Council Carbon Offsets

Peter FITZSIMONS						E: info@republic.org.au
Chair								F:
AUSTRALIAN REPUBLICAN MOVEMENT					M:
PO Box 7056  LEURA NSW 2780					P: {61}(2) 6257-3705

Dear Mr FITZSIMONS					cc	Australian Legislators

	IS 2025 THE YEAR FOR HOUSEHOLD CARBON OFFSET LEVIES ?

To recap, over 80 Australian Councils declared a Climate Emergency in 2019 
including the Inner West Council on 14 May 2019, North Sydney Council on 23 Jul 
2019 and Mosman Council on 12 Nov 2019

These Councils, along with many other Australian Councils, have published on their 
websites extensive Climate Change strategies from 2018-2036 for their Rate-payers 
to download as PDF files eg the Inner West Council [IWC] 

A	Aug 2019 IWC CRS fig 7 - Each household 41 + 6 Tonnes Carbon Credits
B	13 Dec 2019 Council email states not purchasing Carbon Credits until 2025
C	2006 NSW Deputy Ombudsman "Overarching duty for Public Interest"

A	IWC CRS FIG 7 - EACH HOUSEHOLD 47 TONNES CARBON OFFSETS

In May 2019 the Inner West Council [IWC] published the "Community Strategic Plan 
2018-2036 [CSP 2036]" which was endorsed by the Councillors in Jun 2019

Part of the "Community Strategic Plan 2018-2036" included the IWC "Climate + 
Renewables Strategy [CRS]" which focused on Community Carbon Emissions and 
Council Carbon Emissions

A key diagram in the Climate + Renewables Strategy was Figure 7 "Unsustainable 
Consumption - a significant source of greenhouse gas Emissions"

This diagram states that each Household will have to purchase each year "6 Tonnes 
of Carbon Credits for Residential Consumption" and "41 Tonnes for Unsustainable 
Consumption"

B  EMAIL STATES COUNCIL CARBON OFFSETS IN 2025 - WHEN HOUSEHOLD OFFSETS ?

On 13 Dec 2019 an email was received from the Inner West Council stating Council 
"is planning to purchase genuine offset closer to 2025" 

xxxxxx.xxxxxxxxx@innerwest.nsw.gov.au>			date:  Dec 13, 2019, 7:15 AM 
subject:: Please review On-line Conclusion of "Carbon Credits Legitimacy"  

Council is not planning to offset community emissions at this point in time.

Council is planning to purchase genuine offsets closer to 2025 so that the Council 
operations only are carbon neutral but wants to limit the amount of offsets needed by 
implementing carbon reduction projects between now and 2025.

These offsets will adhere to the Australian National Carbon Offsets Standard.

Manfred** is a world leading academic in developing methods to quantify the Global 
environmental impacts of the production of goods and is acutely aware of the limitations
of the data and these methods.

(**Manfred LENZEN is Professor of Sustainability Research in the School of Physics 
of the University of Sydney)

The report by Sydney University doesn't include information or recommendations about 
carbon offsetting so I am unaware why I would ask Sydney Uni to review the research paper 
you recommend? 

(The research paper is "2016 PhD thesis by Robert Michael WATT "The Moral Economy of Carbon 
Offsetting: Ethics, Power and the Search for Legitimacy in a New Market"

Here is a link to the On-line Conclusion of that PhD thesis

"Governments responded by socialising banks' losses, imposing the costs of 
reckless but highly profitable lending on to the public, such that 'average 
people' were the ones who paid. 

Even so, these actions were framed in moral terms in debates about the 
ethics of lending, justifications of salaries, and acceptability of bail-
outs (Fourcade et al. 2013).

C  NSW DEPUTY OMBUDSMAN "OVERARCHING DUTY FOR PUBLIC INTEREST"

In Apr 2006 Chris WHEELER** published as the Deputy NSW Ombudsman a paper 
The Public Interest  - we know it's important but do we know what it means"

"Public officials have an over-arching obligation to act in the public interest. 

They must perform their official functions and duties, and exercise any discretionary 
powers, in ways that promote the public interest that is applicable to their official 
functions"

The question that must be asked is "Why did the NSW Deputy Ombudsman consider 
it necessary to write an article to explain what "The Public Interest" means?"

** (Chris Wheeler is Deputy NSW Ombudsman, he has over 25 years experience in 
investigations and extensive experience in management and public administration. 
He has worked in State and local government organisations in NSW and Victoria, 
and in private legal practice)

NEXT STEPS

The Australian Republic Movement may wish to review or commission a project 
researching how many Australian Councils have prepared Community Strategic 
Plans with Carbon Offset strategies

Yours sincerely 



Peter AXTENS LLB (Retired)				Clare GARDINER
Chair							Research Co-ordinator
SUSTAINABILITY ACTION NETWORK [SAN] 

B: PO Box 517 Neutral Bay Junction 2089			E: PPWC.rs1@gmail.com
M: {61}(4)4827-8153					W: www.oic.org/SAN/


LETTER 18 FEB 2021 


Thu 18 Feb 2021							Recipient: 611ARM13
REF: AECMBIBs1		IN THE PUBLIC INTEREST			Y/R: Council Carbon Offsets

Peter FITZSIMONS						E: info@republic.org.au
Chair								F:
AUSTRALIAN REPUBLICAN MOVEMENT					M:
PO Box 7056  LEURA NSW 2780					P: {61}(2) 6257-3705

Dear Mr FITZSIMONS					cc	Australian Legislators

  		USING LEGISLATION TO KEEP CARBON CREDITS IN AUSTRALIA

Our letter Thu 14 Jan 2021 requested you, as a highly respected journalist, researcher 
and author, to corroborate SAN research 1997-2020 on Australian Councils and 
Carbon Credit Offset schemes that appear to favour carbon trading in London 

This letter is to you as the Chair of the Australian Republican Movement [ARM]

As you are aware in 1993 Andersen Consulting held a number of State Government 
lunches around Australia to promote "Inventing the Australian Model of Government"

Now with the wide acceptance of the Internet, it may be timely for ARM to promote 
the "Australian Model of Government" which includes the reports researched by Dr 
Duncan IRONMONGER prepared for each State Government from 2003-2014 on the 
"Value of Volunteering to the Economy" which in 2012 was Au$ 24.09 per hour 

This letter also reviews a way to use Federal and State legislation to ensure Carbon 
Credit offsets are retained in Australia for the benefit of the Australian public

A  Examples of how Legislation has been used to benefit minority groups
B  Examples of previous Federal & State legislation used for Public Interest
C  Need to ensure Regulations as well as Legislation in Public Interest

A   EXAMPLES OF LEGISLATION USED TO BENEFIT MINORITY GROUPS

There have been several recent TV programs about how famous English heroes like 
Sir Francis DRAKE (1540-1596) and Sir John HAWKINS (1532-1595) were initially 
pirates and slave traders until Legislation was passed whereby if they donated 50% 
of their plunder to the Crown they were knighted and known as "Privateers"

Slavery became more and more important to the Economics of many countries until 
around the 1800 when many European Countries started to legislate against Slavery 
including the UK Slave Trade Act of 1807 and subsequent Slavery Abolition Act of 
1833 which included "payments to Slave Owners" 

"The Act provided for payments to slave-owners. The amount of money to be spent on 
the payments was set at "the Sum of Twenty Million Pounds Sterling".[22] 

Under the terms of the Act, the British government raised £20 million[23] to 
pay out for the loss of the slaves as business assets to the registered 
\owners of the freed slaves. 

To finance the payments, the British government took on a £15 million loan, finalised 
on 3 August 1835, with banker Nathan Mayer Rothschild and his brother-in-law 
Moses Montefiore; 

The money was not paid back by the British taxpayers until 2015,[27]"

B   PREVIOUS FEDERAL & STATE LEGISLATION IN PUBLIC INTEREST

From 1999-2003 Federal & State Governments issued Electronic Transactions Acts
with accompanying Regulations to stimulate Electronic Commerce 

Each Act contained the same words, namely

		ELECTRONIC TRANSACTIONS ACT 1999 - SECT 3 

Object 

"The object of this Act is to provide a regulatory framework that: 

(a) 	recognises the importance of the information economy* to the future 
	economic and social prosperity of Australia; and 

(b) 	facilitates the use of electronic transactions; and 

(c) 	promotes business and community confidence in the use of electronic 
	transactions; and 

(d) 	enables business and the community to use electronic communications 
	in their dealings with government"

*24 Oct 2001 - NOIE Presentation to OIC members about "The Information Economy" 

Perhaps the ARM could sponsor a Policy whereby all the States could agree to pass 
legislation so that all Carbon Credits are purchased in Australia and not from 
London as is the current situation

C  NEED TO ENSURE REGULATIONS & LEGISLATION IN PUBLIC INTEREST

An important consideration is to ensure that all the attendant Regulations adopt the 
appropriate ISO Standards for Electronic Commerce and not National Standards

Examples of Regulations that are not in the Public Interest include:

A  In 1996 U.S. Bureaucrats embedded the U.S. ANSI-X12 eCommerce Standard in the 
   Regulations of the U.S. Health Insurance Portability & Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA)   
   hence there is considerable cost and delay checking each electronic health message

B  In 2010 8 of 9 Candidate eCommerce Standards recommended by the Australian 
   National eHealth Transition Authority [NEHTA] are owned by companies 
   resulting in a plethora of Value Added Network Services [VANS] which add
   considerable costs and delays checking each electronic message 


We would welcome the opportunity to meet with ARM representatives to discuss this 
very important issue for future generations of Council Carbon Credits further

Yours sincerely 



Peter AXTENS LLB (Retired)				Clare GARDINER
Chair							Research Co-ordinator
SUSTAINABILITY ACTION NETWORK [SAN] 

B: PO Box 517 Neutral Bay Junction 2089			E: PPWC.rs1@gmail.com
M: {61}(4)4827-8153					W: www.oic.org/SAN/


LETTER 14 JAN 2021 

Peter FITZSIMONS						E: letters@smh.com.au
Author, Researcher and Journalist				F:
SYDNEY MORNING HERALD						M:
1 Darling Island Road, PYRMONT 2009				P: {61}(2) 9282-2833

Dear Mr FITZSIMONS

	REQUEST CORROBORATION OF COUNCILS & CARBON CREDIT OFFSET SCHEMES

We write to you, as a prolific Australian Author of over 20 historical books, about a 
key issue that affects your local Mosman Council and most other Australian Councils

It appears from research that members of the Sustainability Action Network [SAN] 
have conducted since an initial meeting in Oct 2007 with the Mosman Council 
"Sustainability Action Group [SAG]" and other Rate-payer groups like the Petersham 
Park Waste Collective [PPWC], that Climate Change and Carbon Credit Offset 
schemes are sophisticated ploys to provide members of the City of London with 
perpetual revenue at the expense of rate-payers in many countries

This research is presented to you for your corroboration 

It is presented to you because, at this stage nobody at a number of NSW Councils or 
at the University of Sydney, is prepared to provide an explanation as to how Councils 
purchasing Carbon Credits initially as Landfill Offsets can assist with reducing 
Climate Change processes

In particular these concerns include the Inner West Council which published  
its "Community Strategic Plan [CSP] 2018-2036" which includes "each household 
purchasing 41 Tonnes of Carbon Credit  for 'unsustainable consumption' per annum"

We believe that you, with your considerable research skills and wide range of 
contacts, will be able to review the research SAN members have conducted and 
provide an article or book that explains how Councils engaged in Carbon Credit 
offset schemes assist with Climate Change processes

These concerns have been heightened since Jan 2019 publication in Adelaide that 
British Tax-payers paid compensation to Slave Owners from 1835-2015 (180-yrs)

Thank you			
					
Your sincerely			Att
				A	Index of Evidence for Corroboration
				B	Summary of issues to Corroborate



Peter AXTENS LLB (Retired)				Clare GARDINER
Chair							Research Co-ordinator
SUSTAINABILITY ACTION NETWORK [SAN] 

B: PO Box 517 Neutral Bay Junction 2089		
E: PPWC.rs1@gmail.com
M: {61}(4)4827-8153
W: www.oic.org/SAN

	SUMMARY OF ISSUES FOR COLLABORATION BY PETER FITZSIMONS 14 JAN 2021

Thu 14 Jan 2021							Recipient: 61VAFPc1
REF: AECMAEs1		IN THE PUBLIC INTEREST			Y/R: Council Carbon Offsets

This Summary is to put into context a number of initially disparate issues that are converging 
particularly in 2000 when a Consortium of 9 NSW Councils issued an Expression of Interest 
[EoI] that included a Council E-business/intranet/extranet

These issues include:

A  1987-1989 Standards Australia EDI Committee IS/11 
B  1992 "CouncilNet" focus on Waste Management & Environmental Issues
C  1993 Andersen Consulting "Inventing the Australian Model of Government"
D  2003 Standards Aus, IBM, Sun and Red Wahoo develop AWB System
E  2008 The emergence of Climate Change and Council Carbon Credit Offsets
F  2009 Standards Aus change Business Model including Royalties for software
G  2010 NEHTA approves 9 different eHealth Standards many are owned by companies

A  STANDARDS AUSTRALIA EDI COMMITTEE IS/11 1987-1989

In 1987 Standards Australia established the Electronic Data Interchange [EDI] Standards 
Committee IS/11 with Volunteer members

The Charter of Standards Australia stated that it would adopt UN ISO Standards

In 1988 Standards Australia changed the rules to say only members of a certified 
Association could participate on the EDI IS/11 Committee

In 1988 Arthur Andersen played a pivotal role in Standards Australia IS/11 adopting the 
American ANSI-X12 Standards as an interim Australian Standard even though the United 
Nations ISO EDIFACT Standard had been published in Apr 1987

In addition members of the Australian Bankers Association [ABA] supported the Arthur 
Andersen letter to Standards Australia by nominating three ABA members to chair the 3 sub-
committees of the EDI IS/11 Standards Committee

This letter dated 16 Jun 1988 from Glen DAVIS Westpac and Jonathon KNIGHT Hong Kong 
Australia Bank [HSBC] to Mr C DOYLE General Secretary Australian Bankers Association [ABA] 
states:

"There are 3 sub-committees for IS11 EDI Standards Committee

1	IS11/2 Glen DAVIS will chair Sub-Committee - EDIFACT Standards

2	IS11/3 Jonathon KNIGHT will chair Sub-Committee - Interim Australian ANSI-X12 Standard

3	IS11/12 This will deal with the interim Australian ANSI-X12 Standards work carried 
	out by the EDI Council of Australia [EDICA]".  {The CEO of EDICA is Michael BAKER 
	who was the Chair of the full IS11 Committee}"

B  1992 COUNCILNET FOR WASTE MANAGEMENT & ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES

In 1992 the Australian Federal Government funded "CouncilNet in partnership with the Local 
Government Association of NSW and the Shires Association of NSW for use by Local 
Councils to help them deal with environmental issues".

This study concluded that a system of information exchange would greatly 
increase the effectiveness of environmental management by Local Government 
Some of the areas where information was most lacking included

1	Waste Management		2	Urban Development   
3	Water Quality			4	Energy/Greenhouse concerns	
5	Coastal Management

Over 100 Councils around Australia joined CouncilNet including Leichhardt Council

C  1993 ANDERSEN CONSULTING "INVENTING THE AUS MODEL OF GOVERNMENT"

On 20 Jul 1993 Andersen Consulting held a Luncheon at 141 Walker St North Sydney 
titled "Inventing the Australian Model of Government" with Ted GAEBLER.  

Speakers at this luncheon were Ted GAEBLER, Gary STURGESS Chief of Staff to the NSW 
Greiner Government and Percy ALLEN Chairman NSW Treasury

Attendees at this luncheon included Bob CARR Leader of the NSW Labour Party and Paul 
SESHOLD CEO of the Independent Commission against Corruption [ICAC] 

It transpires that David OSBORNE and Ted GAEBLER had written a book published in Feb 
1992 called "Reinventing Government:: How the Entrepreneurial Spirit Is Transforming
the Public Sector".

NB In 2002 Arthur Andersen was found guilty of fraudulent auditing of a client called Enron 
and ceased to operate while Andersen Consulting arm merged with IBM to form Accenture

It appears that this issue of "Entrepreneurial Spirit" is now part of the transformation 
taking place within Australian Councils

D  2003 STANDARDS AUS, IBM, SUN AND RED WAHOO DEVELOP AWB SYSTEM

In 2003 Standards Australia, IBM, Sun Microsystems, and a small Australian Company "Red 
Wahoo" receive a Federal Government Grant to develop an export invoicing system called 
"BizDex" for the Australian Wheat Board [AWB] 

10 May 2004 the BizDex presentation in Hong Kong "the Australian Industry Wheat Industry 
Export Process": listing over 20 project participants including IBM, SAP and Red Wahoo

Red Wahoo stated it is the author of the Australian Name & Address Standards AS-4590

2006 at EDI XML Conference it is discovered that AS-4590 is compromised by allowing a 
simple and complex address format in the same standard thus causing each message to be 
checked to see which format is used consequently adding time and cost to the eProcess

E  EMERGENCE OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND COUNCIL CARBON CREDIT OFFSETS

In 1992 the United Nations [UN] established the UN Framework Convention on Climate 
Change [UNFCCC] in Rio

The Kyoto Protocol, which was signed in 1997 and enabled Carbon Trading, came into force 
in 2005

In 2016 the Kyoto Protocols were superseded by the Paris Agreement Protocols [2] which 
had by 30 Dec 2020 197 signatory parties. 

The UNFCCG has a supreme decision-making body, the Conference of the Parties (COP), 
which meets annually to assess progress in dealing with climate change with the next 
meeting in Glasgow 1-12 Nov 2021

However many Councils have been purchasing Carbon Credit Offsets for landfill since 2008 
although it is not clear whether Brokers are involved or whether the Councils receive 
commissions for purchasing Carbon Credits on behalf of Rate-payers

F  2009 STANDARDS AUS CHANGE BUSINESS MODEL INCLUDING ROYALTIES FOR SOFTWARE

On 28 Jan 1988 Barry KEOGH as the A/Manager Information Faculties of the Port of 
Melbourne Authority had written to Peter BROWN Executive Officer AAPMA about the 
EDIFACT Message Design Guidelines

In 2005 Standards Australia attended a 5-day conference in Lyon France to promote "BizDex"

Members of that 8 person promotion party included Barry KEOGH and Steve CAPELL the 
Managing Director of Red Wahoo as well as Keith FINKELDE who had attended the 1999 
Canberra UN/EDIFACT Forum

Attendees of ebXML meetings 2000-2002 included all of the parties that went to 
Lyons France to promote BizDex

On 05 Feb 2002 Mark BEZZINA the newly appointed "Director of Communications,IT and 
eCommerce" of Standards Australia chaired an ebXML Australia meeting to promote 
eCommerce to Small & Medium size Enterprises [SME]

At that meeting on 05 Feb 2002 it was pointed out the problem that there was not 
a defined Name and Address format for eBusiness

However after the end of the meeting ebXML Australia was never reconvened

This extract is from Wikipedia about Standards Australia   

In 2003 Standards Australia sold its commercial businesses to SAI Global Limited 
and SAI Global Ltd was floated on the Australian Stock Exchange. 

Initially it retained a 40% interest in SAI Global, but progressively sold this 
shareholding down to zero, enabling it to focus exclusively on its core business 
of developing and managing its collection of approximately 7000 Australian 
standards and representing Australia's interests in international standardisation. 

In 2016 SAI Global was acquired by Baring Private Equity Asia and delisted from 
the ASX

On 31 Oct 2009 Standards Australia announced it was changing its business model

It appears that this new business model may enable certain organisations to receive 
royalities from the sale of standards both nationally and internationally
  
In Jul 2016 SAI Global purchased the NSW Land & Property Information bureau previously
called the NSW Land Titles office
    
G  2010 NEHTA APPROVES 9 DIFFERENT EHEALTH STANDARDS MANY ARE OWNED BY COMPANIES

According to Wikipedia NEHTA

The National Electronic Health Transition Authority (NEHTA) was established in July 2005 
as a collaborative enterprise by the Australian Commonwealth, State and Territory governments 
to identify and develop the necessary foundations for electronic health (eHealth).[1] 

NEHTA aims to unlock eHealth system aspects and improve the ways in which information is 
electronically collected and exchanged.[2]

In 2010 NEHTA published "9 Candidate Standards including UN/EDIFACT that could be used for 
eHealth applications

However most of these eHealth "Candidate Standards are privately owned" and not Public Standards 

In 2014 a government review recommended that NEHTA be scrapped 

However in the meantime all the different eHealth Standards have been implemented by software 
companies resulting in a huge cost for the Public as each electronic eHealth message has 
to be to checked to discover which standard was used and translate the information to another 
standard by Value Added Network Suppliers [VANS]    


A  1988 Aus Standards EDI Committee IS/11 - Arthur Andersen influence
B  1992 "Council Net" released for Council waste management processes
C  1992 UN Framework Convention on Climate Change [UNFCCC] in Rio 
D  1993 "Inventing Australian Model of Government" - Arthur Andersen influence
E  1997 UN established Kyoto protocol for Carbon Trading
F  1999 OIC awarded 1st prize in Sweden for SME EDI  XML System
G  1999-2005 Federal & State "Electronic Transaction Acts [ETA]"
H  2000 Consortium of 9 Councils for standard Council EDI System
I  2000 Formation OIC XML & Ecommerce Special Interest Group [XZIG]
J  2001 Fed Gov award OIC contract for 153 NSW Local Gov XML survey
K  2003 Std Aus,IBM,Sun & Red Wahoo receive Fed Funding for AWB BizDex
L  2003 NSW first in the world for a Mandatory Greenhouse Gas Reduction Scheme
M  2003-2014 Reports on the Value of Volunteers to Australian State Economies
N  2004 Australian & United States Free Trade Agreement [AusUSAFTA]
O  2004 Red Wahoo states "Author Aus eName & Address EDI Standard AS-4590"
P  2006 International XML Conference reveals EDI standards compromised
Q  2006 Rio Tinto Volunteer Management Scheme [RTVMS] tender
R  2008 Mosman Council announce "Sustainability Action Group [SAG]
S  2009 Standards Australia announce new Standards Royalty policy
T  2010 NSW Health [NEHTA] approve 9 different eHealth EDI standards
U  2016 NZ Councils debts from Carbon Credits Electronic Trading System [ETS]
V  2018 Brisbane Council Carbon Credit purchases from 3 trading Registries
W  2019 IWC publishes "Ratepayers 41 tonnes Carbon Credits per household per yr"
X  2019 Over 80 Australian Councils declare a climate emergency
Y  2020 Are Aus Councils brokers that purchase Carbon Credits for Rate-payers ?

LEGEND

EDI	Electronic Data Interchange
SME	Small and Medium size Enterprises
UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change [UNFCCC]
XML	Extensible Mark-up Language



I	Other Inner West Council Documents that are part of the CSP2036

	a	Strategies
	b	Plans
	c	Statements
	r	Research References

a	Strategies

Is1 Resourcing Strategy [ReS] 2018-2028 Adopted Jun 2018- PDF File		
Is2 Climate + Renewables Strategy [CRS] - draft On-line		
Is3 Employment and Retail Lands Strategy [EaRLS] - PDF File		
Is4 Housing Strategy [HS] - PDF File
Is5 Integrated Transport Strategy [ITS] Adopted 03 Mar 2020 - PDF File
Is6 Asset Management Strategy [AMS]2018-28 Adopted Jun 2018 - PDF File		
Is7 Workforce Management Strategy [WMS] 2018-22 Adopted Jun 2018 - PDF File		
Is8 Information and Communication Technology [ICT] Strategy 2018-2022 Adopted Jun 2018 - PDF File

b	Plans

Ip1 Community Strategic Plan [CSP] 2036 Endorsed Jun 2019 - On-line
Ip2 Economic Strategic Development Plan [EDSP] draft - On-line
Ip3 Long Term Financial Plan 2019-2029 Adopted Jun 2019 - PDF File

c	Statements

It1 Local Planning Statement [LPS]		

r	References

R6 2019-01-19 Adelaide Advertiser: Compensation paid to Slave Owners 1835 - 2015 (180 yrs)

R5 2003-2014 Value of Volunteers to Australian State Economies

R4 2014-11-07 IBM "Blockchain" solution for the Diamond Industry Video

R3 1997 Lessons from a Dozen Years of Group Support Systems Research - 4,000 IBM projects

R2 Sir Evelyn de Rothschild - Director De Beers 1977-1994 & IBM UK 1972-1995

R1 1987-04-23 RUBAC Automatic eProcess Synchronisation Video

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